Mehanizam #29
Česti izbori i stalna kampanja
Dokumentovano
ODIHR: treći parlamentarni izbori za manje od četiri godine, šesti od 2012. Između ciklusa nema predaha: mediji, funkcija i mitingi ostaju u kadru. Učestalost i kalendar su isti mehanizam.
Napomena. Raspisivanje je formalno u okviru ustava. Dokumentovana je učestalost i obrazac koji ODIHR opisuje, ne da je svaki datum nezakonit.
Šta je
Izbori kao alat, ne kao kraj mandata. Kad se glasa i da li uopšte postoji predah nije slučajno.
Kako radi
Rani rastur skupštine, istovremene ostavke lokalnih čelnika, mobilizacija na više nivoa u istom danu. Svaki projekat ostaje spot. Sledeći izbori su uvek blizu. Opozicija ne stigne da se konsoliduje; onaj ko već vlada je uvek spremniji.
Zašto je važno u sistemu
Ko već ima medije i državu, česti izbori i neprekidna kampanja ga favorizuju. Termin određuje ko je spreman.
Dokumentovani nalazi
„These were the third parliamentary elections in less than four years and the sixth since 2012. The frequency of the early elections further eroded public trust in democratic institutions and electoral processes, and detracted from the efficiency of democratic governance.“OSCE/ODIHR, 2023, str. 5
„On the same day, local elections for 65 of the 174 self-governing units, including the capital, were called [...] following the sudden and simultaneous resignation of mayors from the ruling party. Several opposition and civil society members publicly expressed concerns that the early local elections were called without a clear explanation and stated that the municipalities in question were generally SNS strongholds.“OSCE/ODIHR, 2023, str. 5
„In December 2019 as well as in February, March and May 2020, parliament adopted changes to several election-related laws.“OSCE/ODIHR, 2020
„Changing the electoral laws in the year of the elections is contrary to the recommendations of relevant international institutions, as these are fundamental changes in the electoral system.“CRTA, 2020
Preliminary Report: Election Day 2020
„The frequency of early elections has further eroded public confidence in the functioning of democratic institutions and together with the lack of political will left needed reforms unaddressed.“OSCE/ODIHR, 2023, str. 1
„These were early parliamentary elections held less than two years after the previous early parliamentary elections in March 2014.“OSCE/ODIHR, 2016